Commands
Commands #
You’ve already learned how to use the command-line interface to do some things. This chapter documents all the available commands.
To get help from the command-line, simply call poetry
to see the complete list of commands,
then --help
combined with any of those can give you more information.
Global options #
--verbose (-v|vv|vvv)
: Increase the verbosity of messages: “-v” for normal output, “-vv” for more verbose output and “-vvv” for debug.--help (-h)
: Display help information.--quiet (-q)
: Do not output any message.--ansi
: Force ANSI output.--no-ansi
: Disable ANSI output.--version (-V)
: Display this application version.--no-interaction (-n)
: Do not ask any interactive question.--no-plugins
: Disables plugins.--no-cache
: Disables Poetry source caches.--directory=DIRECTORY (-C)
: The working directory for the Poetry command (defaults to the current working directory).
new #
This command will help you kickstart your new Python project by creating a directory structure suitable for most projects.
poetry new my-package
will create a folder as follows:
my-package
├── pyproject.toml
├── README.md
├── my_package
│ └── __init__.py
└── tests
└── __init__.py
If you want to name your project differently than the folder, you can pass
the --name
option:
poetry new my-folder --name my-package
If you want to use a src folder, you can use the --src
option:
poetry new --src my-package
That will create a folder structure as follows:
my-package
├── pyproject.toml
├── README.md
├── src
│ └── my_package
│ └── __init__.py
└── tests
└── __init__.py
The --name
option is smart enough to detect namespace packages and create
the required structure for you.
poetry new --src --name my.package my-package
will create the following structure:
my-package
├── pyproject.toml
├── README.md
├── src
│ └── my
│ └── package
│ └── __init__.py
└── tests
└── __init__.py
Options #
--name
: Set the resulting package name.--src
: Use the src layout for the project.--readme
: Specify the readme file extension. Default ismd
. If you intend to publish to PyPI keep the recommendations for a PyPI-friendly README in mind.
init #
This command will help you create a pyproject.toml
file interactively
by prompting you to provide basic information about your package.
It will interactively ask you to fill in the fields, while using some smart defaults.
poetry init
Options #
--name
: Name of the package.--description
: Description of the package.--author
: Author of the package.--python
Compatible Python versions.--dependency
: Package to require with a version constraint. Should be in formatfoo:1.0.0
.--dev-dependency
: Development requirements, see--dependency
.
install #
The install
command reads the pyproject.toml
file from the current project,
resolves the dependencies, and installs them.
poetry install
If there is a poetry.lock
file in the current directory,
it will use the exact versions from there instead of resolving them.
This ensures that everyone using the library will get the same versions of the dependencies.
If there is no poetry.lock
file, Poetry will create one after dependency resolution.
If you want to exclude one or more dependency groups for the installation, you can use
the --without
option.
poetry install --without test,docs
--no-dev
option is now deprecated. You should use the --without dev
notation instead.You can also select optional dependency groups with the --with
option.
poetry install --with test,docs
It’s also possible to only install specific dependency groups by using the only
option.
poetry install --only test,docs
To only install the project itself with no dependencies, use the --only-root
flag.
poetry install --only-root
See Dependency groups for more information about dependency groups.
If you want to synchronize your environment – and ensure it matches the lock file – use the
--sync
option.
poetry install --sync
The --sync
can be combined with group-related options:
poetry install --without dev --sync
poetry install --with docs --sync
poetry install --only dev --sync
You can also specify the extras you want installed
by passing the -E|--extras
option (See Extras for more info).
Pass --all-extras
to install all defined extras for a project.
poetry install --extras "mysql pgsql"
poetry install -E mysql -E pgsql
poetry install --all-extras
Extras are not sensitive to --sync
. Any extras not specified will always be removed.
poetry install --extras "A B" # C is removed
By default poetry
will install your project’s package every time you run install
:
$ poetry install
Installing dependencies from lock file
No dependencies to install or update
- Installing <your-package-name> (x.x.x)
If you want to skip this installation, use the --no-root
option.
poetry install --no-root
Similar to --no-root
you can use --no-directory
to skip directory path dependencies:
poetry install --no-directory
This is mainly useful for caching in CI or when building Docker images. See the FAQ entry for more information on this option.
By default poetry
does not compile Python source files to bytecode during installation.
This speeds up the installation process, but the first execution may take a little more
time because Python then compiles source files to bytecode automatically.
If you want to compile source files to bytecode during installation,
you can use the --compile
option:
poetry install --compile
--compile
option has no effect if installer.modern-installation
is set to false
because the old installer always compiles source files to bytecode.Options #
--without
: The dependency groups to ignore.--with
: The optional dependency groups to include.--only
: The only dependency groups to include.--only-root
: Install only the root project, exclude all dependencies.--sync
: Synchronize the environment with the locked packages and the specified groups.--no-root
: Do not install the root package (your project).--no-directory
: Skip all directory path dependencies (including transitive ones).--dry-run
: Output the operations but do not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).--extras (-E)
: Features to install (multiple values allowed).--all-extras
: Install all extra features (conflicts with –extras).--compile
: Compile Python source files to bytecode.--no-dev
: Do not install dev dependencies. (Deprecated, use--without dev
or--only main
instead)--remove-untracked
: Remove dependencies not presented in the lock file. (Deprecated, use--sync
instead)
--only
is specified, --with
and --without
options are ignored.update #
In order to get the latest versions of the dependencies and to update the poetry.lock
file,
you should use the update
command.
poetry update
This will resolve all dependencies of the project and write the exact versions into poetry.lock
.
If you just want to update a few packages and not all, you can list them as such:
poetry update requests toml
Note that this will not update versions for dependencies outside their
version constraints
specified in the pyproject.toml
file.
In other terms, poetry update foo
will be a no-op if the version constraint
specified for foo
is ~2.3
or 2.3
and 2.4
is available.
In order for foo
to be updated, you must update the constraint, for example ^2.3
.
You can do this using the add
command.
Options #
--without
: The dependency groups to ignore.--with
: The optional dependency groups to include.--only
: The only dependency groups to include.--dry-run
: Outputs the operations but will not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).--no-dev
: Do not update the development dependencies. (Deprecated, use--without dev
or--only main
instead)--lock
: Do not perform install (only update the lockfile).
--only
is specified, --with
and --without
options are ignored.add #
The add
command adds required packages to your pyproject.toml
and installs them.
If you do not specify a version constraint, poetry will choose a suitable one based on the available package versions.
poetry add requests pendulum
You can also specify a constraint when adding a package:
# Allow >=2.0.5, <3.0.0 versions
poetry add pendulum@^2.0.5
# Allow >=2.0.5, <2.1.0 versions
poetry add pendulum@~2.0.5
# Allow >=2.0.5 versions, without upper bound
poetry add "pendulum>=2.0.5"
# Allow only 2.0.5 version
poetry add pendulum==2.0.5
@
operator.If you try to add a package that is already present, you will get an error. However, if you specify a constraint, like above, the dependency will be updated by using the specified constraint.
If you want to get the latest version of an already
present dependency, you can use the special latest
constraint:
poetry add pendulum@latest
You can also add git
dependencies:
poetry add git+https://github.com/sdispater/pendulum.git
or use ssh instead of https:
poetry add git+ssh://git@github.com/sdispater/pendulum.git
# or alternatively:
poetry add git+ssh://git@github.com:sdispater/pendulum.git
If you need to checkout a specific branch, tag or revision,
you can specify it when using add
:
poetry add git+https://github.com/sdispater/pendulum.git#develop
poetry add git+https://github.com/sdispater/pendulum.git#2.0.5
# or using SSH instead:
poetry add git+ssh://git@github.com:sdispater/pendulum.git#develop
poetry add git+ssh://git@github.com:sdispater/pendulum.git#2.0.5
or reference a subdirectory:
poetry add git+https://github.com/myorg/mypackage_with_subdirs.git@main#subdirectory=subdir
You can also add a local directory or file:
poetry add ./my-package/
poetry add ../my-package/dist/my-package-0.1.0.tar.gz
poetry add ../my-package/dist/my_package-0.1.0.whl
If you want the dependency to be installed in editable mode you can use the --editable
option.
poetry add --editable ./my-package/
poetry add --editable git+ssh://github.com/sdispater/pendulum.git#develop
Alternatively, you can specify it in the pyproject.toml
file. It means that changes in the local directory will be reflected directly in environment.
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
my-package = {path = "../my/path", develop = true}
develop
attribute explicitly,
to make sure the behavior is the same for all poetry versions.If the package(s) you want to install provide extras, you can specify them when adding the package:
poetry add "requests[security,socks]"
poetry add "requests[security,socks]~=2.22.0"
poetry add "git+https://github.com/pallets/flask.git@1.1.1[dotenv,dev]"
[
and ]
) as special characters. It is suggested to always quote arguments containing these characters to prevent unexpected shell expansion.If you want to add a package to a specific group of dependencies, you can use the --group (-G)
option:
poetry add mkdocs --group docs
See Dependency groups for more information about dependency groups.
Options #
--group (-G)
: The group to add the dependency to.--dev (-D)
: Add package as development dependency. (Deprecated, use-G dev
instead)--editable (-e)
: Add vcs/path dependencies as editable.--extras (-E)
: Extras to activate for the dependency. (multiple values allowed)--optional
: Add as an optional dependency.--python
: Python version for which the dependency must be installed.--platform
: Platforms for which the dependency must be installed.--source
: Name of the source to use to install the package.--allow-prereleases
: Accept prereleases.--dry-run
: Output the operations but do not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).--lock
: Do not perform install (only update the lockfile).
remove #
The remove
command removes a package from the current
list of installed packages.
poetry remove pendulum
If you want to remove a package from a specific group of dependencies, you can use the --group (-G)
option:
poetry remove mkdocs --group docs
See Dependency groups for more information about dependency groups.
Options #
--group (-G)
: The group to remove the dependency from.--dev (-D)
: Removes a package from the development dependencies. (Deprecated, use-G dev
instead)--dry-run
: Outputs the operations but will not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).--lock
: Do not perform operations (only update the lockfile).
show #
To list all the available packages, you can use the show
command.
poetry show
If you want to see the details of a certain package, you can pass the package name.
poetry show pendulum
name : pendulum
version : 1.4.2
description : Python datetimes made easy
dependencies
- python-dateutil >=2.6.1
- tzlocal >=1.4
- pytzdata >=2017.2.2
required by
- calendar >=1.4.0
Options #
--without
: The dependency groups to ignore.--why
: When showing the full list, or a--tree
for a single package, display whether they are a direct dependency or required by other packages.--with
: The optional dependency groups to include.--only
: The only dependency groups to include.--no-dev
: Do not list the dev dependencies. (Deprecated, use--without dev
or--only main
instead)--tree
: List the dependencies as a tree.--latest (-l)
: Show the latest version.--outdated (-o)
: Show the latest version but only for packages that are outdated.--all (-a)
: Show all packages (even those not compatible with current system).--top-level (-T)
: Only show explicitly defined packages.
--only
is specified, --with
and --without
options are ignored.build #
The build
command builds the source and wheels archives.
poetry build
Note that, at the moment, only pure python wheels are supported.
Options #
--format (-f)
: Limit the format to eitherwheel
orsdist
.
publish #
This command publishes the package, previously built with the build
command, to the remote repository.
It will automatically register the package before uploading if this is the first time it is submitted.
poetry publish
It can also build the package if you pass it the --build
option.
Options #
--repository (-r)
: The repository to register the package to (default:pypi
). Should match a repository name set by theconfig
command.--username (-u)
: The username to access the repository.--password (-p)
: The password to access the repository.--cert
: Certificate authority to access the repository.--client-cert
: Client certificate to access the repository.--build
: Build the package before publishing.--dry-run
: Perform all actions except upload the package.--skip-existing
: Ignore errors from files already existing in the repository.
config #
The config
command allows you to edit poetry config settings and repositories.
poetry config --list
Usage #
poetry config [options] [setting-key] [setting-value1] ... [setting-valueN]
setting-key
is a configuration option name and setting-value1
is a configuration value.
See Configuration for all available settings.
Use --
to terminate option parsing if your values may start with a hyphen (-
), e.g.
poetry config http-basic.custom-repo gitlab-ci-token -- ${GITLAB_JOB_TOKEN}
Without --
this command will fail if ${GITLAB_JOB_TOKEN}
starts with a hyphen.
Options #
--unset
: Remove the configuration element named bysetting-key
.--list
: Show the list of current config variables.--local
: Set/Get settings that are specific to a project (in the local configuration filepoetry.toml
).
run #
The run
command executes the given command inside the project’s virtualenv.
poetry run python -V
It can also execute one of the scripts defined in pyproject.toml
.
So, if you have a script defined like this:
[tool.poetry.scripts]
my-script = "my_module:main"
You can execute it like so:
poetry run my-script
Note that this command has no option.
shell #
The shell
command spawns a shell,
according to the $SHELL
environment variable,
within the virtual environment.
If one doesn’t exist yet, it will be created.
poetry shell
Note that this command starts a new shell and activates the virtual environment.
As such, exit
should be used to properly exit the shell and the virtual environment instead of deactivate
.
check #
The check
command validates the content of the pyproject.toml
file
and its consistency with the poetry.lock
file.
It returns a detailed report if there are any errors.
poetry check
Options #
--lock
: Verifies thatpoetry.lock
exists for the currentpyproject.toml
.
search #
This command searches for packages on a remote index.
poetry search requests pendulum
lock #
This command locks (without installing) the dependencies specified in pyproject.toml
.
--no-update
option.
This command is also available as a pre-commit hook. See pre-commit hooks for more information.poetry lock
Options #
--check
: Verify thatpoetry.lock
is consistent withpyproject.toml
. (Deprecated) Usepoetry check --lock
instead.--no-update
: Do not update locked versions, only refresh lock file.
version #
This command shows the current version of the project or bumps the version of
the project and writes the new version back to pyproject.toml
if a valid
bump rule is provided.
The new version should be a valid PEP 440
string or a valid bump rule: patch
, minor
, major
, prepatch
, preminor
,
premajor
, prerelease
.
The table below illustrates the effect of these rules with concrete examples.
rule | before | after |
---|---|---|
major | 1.3.0 | 2.0.0 |
minor | 2.1.4 | 2.2.0 |
patch | 4.1.1 | 4.1.2 |
premajor | 1.0.2 | 2.0.0a0 |
preminor | 1.0.2 | 1.1.0a0 |
prepatch | 1.0.2 | 1.0.3a0 |
prerelease | 1.0.2 | 1.0.3a0 |
prerelease | 1.0.3a0 | 1.0.3a1 |
prerelease | 1.0.3b0 | 1.0.3b1 |
The option --next-phase
allows the increment of prerelease phase versions.
rule | before | after |
---|---|---|
prerelease –next-phase | 1.0.3a0 | 1.0.3b0 |
prerelease –next-phase | 1.0.3b0 | 1.0.3rc0 |
prerelease –next-phase | 1.0.3rc0 | 1.0.3 |
Options #
--next-phase
: Increment the phase of the current version.--short (-s)
: Output the version number only.--dry-run
: Do not update pyproject.toml file.
export #
This command exports the lock file to other formats.
poetry export -f requirements.txt --output requirements.txt
install
command, this command only includes the project’s dependencies defined in the implicit main
group defined in tool.poetry.dependencies
when used without specifying any options.Options #
--format (-f)
: The format to export to (default:requirements.txt
). Currently, onlyconstraints.txt
andrequirements.txt
are supported.--output (-o)
: The name of the output file. If omitted, print to standard output.--dev
: Include development dependencies. (Deprecated, use--with dev
instead)--extras (-E)
: Extra sets of dependencies to include.--without
: The dependency groups to ignore.--with
: The optional dependency groups to include.--only
: The only dependency groups to include.--without-hashes
: Exclude hashes from the exported file.--without-urls
: Exclude source repository urls from the exported file.--with-credentials
: Include credentials for extra indices.
env #
The env
command regroups sub commands to interact with the virtualenvs
associated with a specific project.
See Managing environments for more information about these commands.
cache #
The cache
command regroups sub commands to interact with Poetry’s cache.
cache list #
The cache list
command lists Poetry’s available caches.
poetry cache list
cache clear #
The cache clear
command removes packages from a cached repository.
For example, to clear the whole cache of packages from the pypi
repository, run:
poetry cache clear pypi --all
To only remove a specific package from a cache, you have to specify the cache entry in the following form cache:package:version
:
poetry cache clear pypi:requests:2.24.0
source #
The source
namespace regroups sub commands to manage repository sources for a Poetry project.
source add #
The source add
command adds source configuration to the project.
For example, to add the pypi-test
source, you can run:
poetry source add pypi-test https://test.pypi.org/simple/
You cannot use the name pypi
for a custom repository as it is reserved for use by
the default PyPI source. However, you can set the priority of PyPI:
poetry source add --priority=explicit pypi
Options #
--default
: Set this source as the default (disable PyPI). Deprecated in favor of--priority
.--secondary
: Set this source as a secondary source. Deprecated in favor of--priority
.--priority
: Set the priority of this source. Accepted values are:default
,secondary
,supplemental
, andexplicit
. Refer to the dedicated sections in Repositories for more information.
source show #
The source show
command displays information on all configured sources for the project.
poetry source show
Optionally, you can show information of one or more sources by specifying their names.
poetry source show pypi-test
pyproject.toml
and does not include the implicit default PyPI.source remove #
The source remove
command removes a configured source from your pyproject.toml
.
poetry source remove pypi-test
about #
The about
command displays global information about Poetry, including the current version and version of poetry-core
.
poetry about
help #
The help
command displays global help, or help for a specific command.
To display global help:
poetry help
To display help for a specific command, for instance show
:
poetry help show
The --help
option can also be passed to any command to get help for a specific command.
For instance:
poetry show --help
list #
The list
command displays all the available Poetry commands.
poetry list
self #
The self
namespace regroups sub commands to manage the Poetry installation itself.
pyproject.toml
and poetry.lock
files in your
configuration directory.self
commands that update or remove packages may be problematic
so that other methods for installing plugins and updating Poetry are recommended.
See Using plugins and
Installing Poetry for more information.self add #
The self add
command installs Poetry plugins and make them available at runtime. Additionally, it can
also be used to upgrade Poetry’s own dependencies or inject additional packages into the runtime
environment
The self add
command works exactly like the add
command. However, is different in that the packages
managed are for Poetry’s runtime environment.
The package specification formats supported by the self add
command are the same as the ones supported
by the add
command.
For example, to install the poetry-plugin-export
plugin, you can run:
poetry self add poetry-plugin-export
To update to the latest poetry-core
version, you can run:
poetry self add poetry-core@latest
To add a keyring provider artifacts-keyring
, you can run:
poetry self add artifacts-keyring
Options #
--editable (-e)
: Add vcs/path dependencies as editable.--extras (-E)
: Extras to activate for the dependency. (multiple values allowed)--allow-prereleases
: Accept prereleases.--source
: Name of the source to use to install the package.--dry-run
: Output the operations but do not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).
self update #
The self update
command updates Poetry version in its current runtime environment.
self update
command works exactly like the update
command. However,
is different in that the packages managed are for Poetry’s runtime environment.poetry self update
Options #
--preview
: Allow the installation of pre-release versions.--dry-run
: Output the operations but do not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).
self lock #
The self lock
command reads this Poetry installation’s system pyproject.toml
file. The system
dependencies are locked in the corresponding poetry.lock
file.
poetry self lock
Options #
--check
: Verify thatpoetry.lock
is consistent withpyproject.toml
. (Deprecated)--no-update
: Do not update locked versions, only refresh lock file.
self show #
The self show
command behaves similar to the show command, but
working within Poetry’s runtime environment. This lists all packages installed within
the Poetry install environment.
To show only additional packages that have been added via self add and their
dependencies use self show --addons
.
poetry self show
Options #
--addons
: List only add-on packages installed.--tree
: List the dependencies as a tree.--latest (-l)
: Show the latest version.--outdated (-o)
: Show the latest version but only for packages that are outdated.
self show plugins #
The self show plugins
command lists all the currently installed plugins.
poetry self show plugins
self remove #
The self remove
command removes an installed addon package.
poetry self remove poetry-plugin-export
Options #
--dry-run
: Outputs the operations but will not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).
self install #
The self install
command ensures all additional packages specified are installed in the current
runtime environment.
self install
command works similar to the install
command. However,
is different in that the packages managed are for Poetry’s runtime environment.poetry self install --sync
Options #
--sync
: Synchronize the environment with the locked packages and the specified groups.--dry-run
: Output the operations but do not execute anything (implicitly enables –verbose).